Permanent-wave apparatus



A. L. BURLESON ET AL April 10, 1928.

PERMANENT WAVE APPARATUS I Filed July 20, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet l -INVE'NTOR5 n mmwml Mil Hi4.

April 10, 1928.

A. L. BURLESON ET AL PERMANENT WAVE APPARATUS Filed July 20, 1927 o 0 o as 0 3a y 341 3B Mar/@ 14.

2 Sheets-Shea: 2

INVENTORS Patented Apr. 10, l9Z8. p I

. V In J I V AMBROSE L. BURL son, or BERKELEY, AND NICHOLAS :e. summers, on saw ERAncIsoo, QALIFORNIA. I

PERMANENT-WAVE APPARATUS.

. Application filed July 20, 1927. Serial No, 207,247.

Our invention relates to hair curling or dersto'od that the hair is previously treated permanent Wave apparatus as used to pro- Withsuitable solutions and/or enveloped inv duce the so-called permanent waves in a moist cloth so as to steam the hair while womens hair, and the objects of the invenwound under tension on the spool when the, tion are to provide apparatus which will be heat is applied. 4 more effective than prior apparatususedfor In further detail the drawings show an this purpose and which will tension the hair elongated frame 1 which may be a simple when winding the same on the waving spools rod tho here shown as made of two parallelwithout pulling at the scalp of the person guides. 18. handle-2 is provided at one, end 10 whose hair is being treated, and which will of the frame for holding'it generally in a produce a wave in the hair closer to the horizontal extension from the head of the .scalp than was formerly possible. person being operatedon, the handle being The drawings accompanying this applicaheld in one hand, or preferably tucked in" tion show one embodiment of our invention, back of a belt or into a. pocket worn'by the 1 l5 tho it is to be understood that such changes operator, so as to leave both hands free. 0 as may be made within the scope of the in- At the opposite or outer end the frame" vention are intended to be covered in the carries the hairclamp device 3 adapted to appended claims. v clamp a strand 4 of hair adjacent the scalp Fig. 1 is.an approximately half size plan 5, the clamp being removably held in place View of our apparatus showing the hair ten-- between the arms of an open ended yoke 6 sioned from adjacent the scalp to the windwhichis pivotally mounted at 7- to the frame ing spool. -Fig. 2 is a side elevation of Fig. 1 so as to project laterally thereof and per- 1. Fig. 3 is an elevation of the opposite mit the frame being moved on an arc-from side to Fig. 2 showing the forward portion the pivot without forcing'the edges of the of the apparatus only. Fig. 4. is an end clamp against thescalp 5 of the head being 30 4 view of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is an end view of operated on. 1

Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a plan view of a winding- From the clamp 3 the strand of hair exspool shown approximately full size. Figs. tends to a winding spool 8 rotatably carried" 7 and 8 are respectively plan and edge views on a carriage or block 9 slidably mounted on 7 30 of the-special heat insulating clip used next the frame 1, so that as the hair is wound to the scalp. Fig. 9 is an approximately upon-the spool the block and spool will adfull size plan view ,of the hair clamping Vance toward the outer end of the frame. member, Figs. 10 and llare respectively Suitable meansisprovlded for resisting opposite sides of Fig. 9. Fig. 12 is a front free advance of the block to thereby put a end view of Fig. 9. Fig. 13 is a cross sectension on the strand of halr be ng wound tion of the clamp as taken from-the line upon the spool, and themeans here .shown 13*13 of Fig. 9 but shown with the U is a cord 10 attached to the block and passshaped electric heater in place. Fig. 14 is ingrearwardly to and over a sprmg actua plan view of'the heater. Fig. 15 is aplan ated reel or drum 11.r0tatably mounted on p 40 view of the spindle ofthe hair winding the rear end of the frame. The drum 1s spool. fitted insidewith a spiral sprmg 12 tending Briefly described our invention comprises to wind the cord upon the drum and thus a long frame supporting a hair clamping pull the carriage block and hair spool backdevice at one end adapted for clampingthe Ward witha 'giventension, or conversely to 45" hair near the scalp, and a winding spool permlt the spool to be advanced to the opr upon which the hair is wound, and means posite end of the frame under this given for winding the hair on the spool -under tension in Windll'lgb the hair thereon. controllable tension without pulling at the The tension produced by the spring 1n scalp, also means for locking the wound the rewinding reel is the minimum tension 60.. spool firmly against the clamp, means for which the apparatus will operate,but as 1'05 releasing the clamp and spool from the ten.- 1t is desirable to apply the maximum ten- U sioning frame, and an electric heater of, sion which the particular strand ofhair will special form which embraces both clamp and stand, brake means is provided for iIlCIQfiS', spool so as to heat the "same to permanently ing the resistance of the drum to unwinding- 65 set a wave or curl in'the hair, it being unof the cord. ThlS brake means comprises a friction band 13 connected at one end at 14 to the .frame, thence passing around the drum and connected at the other end to a pivoted thumb lever 15 normally held in released position by a small spring 16 and the .lever so arranged that a slight pressure of the finger upon 1t will increase the resistance ,desireddegree upon turning the milled nut 18 so as to put any amount of frictional resistance to travel of the carriage or stop it altogether.

It is sufficient without further illustration to'say that this carriage brake may have resilient material for its shoe or resilient mounting of a rigid shoe in the common I manner of obtaining sensitive even brake ,..after winding the hair thereon,

larger at each control.

The carriage brake is also useful in locking the carriage against. flying backward under influence of the spring return drum when releasing the spool from the carriage many spools are wound upon one the head of the understood that a great used and a strand of hair after the other all over person being operated on.

The hair spool 8 best shown in Fig. 6 is end and provided with a cleat 19 pivoted at one end at 19' so as to swing outward as indicated in dotted lines so that the strand of hair may be placed thereunder around the spool and held firmly in place by the cleat forced tightly upon it by successive layers of hair wound over it.

The enlarged ends of the spool are provided with ratchet gears taking the form of a series of holes or notches 20 for locking the spool against rotation when tightly rolled into place against the clamp device 3 as shown 1n Fig. 13, a spring pawl 21 mounted on the clamp device engaging the holes, and releasable with the finger.

To mount the spool on the carriage a loose spindle 22 is provided which is passed through the spool and through a revoluble hub 23 on the carriage. and which hub is provided with a driving pin or jaw 24 engaging a groove in the end of the spool so as'to make both rotate together. A large milled head 25 on the outer end'of the hub provides a finger gripping member wherewith to wind the spool.

To prevent unwinding of the spool when changing the finger grip upon the milled it being inserted or withdrawn in applying and removing the successive spools.

The hair clamp device 3 1s best shown in Figs. 9 to 14 and comprlses an'upper and a lower die section respectively designated 3 and 3 fitting into one another alon a at curved line 29 to clamp and form the first wave in the hair adjacent the scalp. Draw bars, or screws 30, 30 are provided at the.

ends of the die sections each fitted with small wing nuts 31 so that the sections may as be tightly drawn together to firmly clamp a 'strand'of hair between the curved meeting faces.

The upper die oted to the draw of the bars may be swung outward from pivot 32 as indicated in Fig. 11 and the upper section swung upward as indicated by the dotted lineX in Fig. 11 so as to section 3 is preferably pivopen the dies for insertion of the hair. 5

Draw bar 30 is preferably retained by a pm 33 working in a hole in the bar, or some other suitable stop, against free outward swinging so that the sections will always re- 1 main. together. I

The clamp or die sections are provided with a layer of cork or other heat insulation on their forward faces at 34 so as to prevent burning the scalp when heated. and recourse is also had to an additional protection in the form of a soft rubber or cork chp 35- made of fiat sections of the material meeting on the line 36, each mounted on the end of a coiled wire spring 37 so that the sections 7 may be strand of hair .between the scalp andthe hair clamp device 3 in the space there shown in Fig. 1.

The hair clamp device 3 is concavely curved rear face at receive and seat the spool 8 when tightly wound with hair and locked thereagainst by the pawl 21 as shown in Fig. 13., The upper section of the clamp device is hollow and both sections cated at 39 so that steam may readily pass from the hair on the spool into the hair clamped in the dies.

In order to heat the device we provide a formed with a special U shaped electric heater 40 (see Figs.

manner not specifically embraced in. the 130 be applied with either end 70 bars at 32, 32' so that one 90 sprung apart and clipped over. the no 38 adapted to "5 are perforated as indiger to present application and therefore not shown -m the drawings. The heater is preferably though not necessarily made 1n two secrent wires 43 extend, and the I .small finger piece 44 for pressure of the finpm, the sections small spring 45.

In operation of. the apparatus, a strand of hair is firmly clamped between the jaws of the clamp device 3, the carriage is advanced to the required degree and locked by the brake 17, the end of the hair strand is wrapped around the spool 3 and held by the cleat 19, the brake 17 released, the required being urged to close by a degree of tension placed onthe drum 11 by means of the drumbrake 13, or proper re- .slstance'given the carriage by carriage brake 17, and the hair strand is wound on the spool tension thus produced until the against the clamp device 3 through means of the pawl 21. The carriage is then locked with the brake 17 and spindle, 22 withdrawn from the spool,

and the frame disengaged from the clamp device by sliding it therefrom. Heat insulator clip is next applied tothe-strand of hair close to the scalp, the electric heater is placed in position and the current turned on until the hair has been sufliciently'baked into permanent wave form.

. As previously stated, the hair before 'winding is suitably moistened, usually with alkaline aqueous liquids adapted to soften the hair, as practised in the art of permanent waving of womens hair, and before the heater is applied a moist'pl'ece of cloth or felt is laid over the hair wound spool and adjacent parts of the clamp device, andalso a piece of tinfoil or other steam proof material is laid over the outside of the cloth or felt, or both, so as to imprison the steam generated by the heater and make it permeate every hair wound and clamped in the assemblage of die and spool.

Such wrappings of moist cloth, felt, and foil have been omitted from the drawings, as they form no part of the invention and would only tend to obscure the drawings, but suffice to say the wrappings would occupy the space 46 between the heater and the hair spool and clamp and which space is shown on Fig. 13 of the drawings.

' lVe claim:

device adapted to clamp a strand of hair adjacent the scalp, a member upon which thehair is adapted to be wound, and means for tensioning the hair strand between said device and said member while winding the hair u on the member.

2. Hair waving apparatus comprising a device adapted open the sections like a spring clothes is adapted air waving apparatus comprising a to clamp a strand of hair upon which the hair is adapted to be Wound, and means "hile winding the hair upon the mem er, and means for varying the amount of tension put upon the strand while winding.

3. Hair waving apparatus comprising a device adapted to clamp a strand of hair adjacentthe scalp, a member upon which the strand is adapted to be wound, means for tensioning the hair strand between said device and said member while winding the hair upon the member, and-means for locking said'member to said device when the hair is wound upon the member.

4. Apparatus as specified in claim 3 means for heating both the member said device.

5. Apparatus as specified in claim 3 plus means for heating the member comprising a U, shaped electric heating element adapted to embrace said member.

1 6. Apparatus as specified in claim 3 plus means for heating the wound hair comprising a U shaped electric heater adapted to embrace said member and said device.

air waving apparatus comprising an elongated frame, a. hair strand clamping device removably supported at one end of the frame, a sliding carriage supported on said frame, a member upon which the strand to be wound rotatably supported on said carriage, means for rotating the member, and means resisting the free sliding of the carriage.

8. Apparatus as specified in claim 7 plus said means resisting the free sliding of the carriage being adjustable to vary the resistance to sliding of the carri ge. 1

. 9. Apparatus as specified in claim 7 whereinsaid means resisting the free sliding of the carriage comprises a spring ,return reel mounted on the frame, and a flexible device extending from the carriage passing around said reel all arranged to resilientlypull the carriage away from said clamping device.

10. In a hair waving-apparatus, a hair strand clamping device, a frame provided with means for removably engaging the device, and means for supporting a hair strand receiving spool on said frame for winding thereon the strandextending from .said clamping device.

11. In a hair waving apparatus, a hair strand clamping device comprising a pair of forming die membersadapted to receive the. strand between them, and means for clamping said die members together.

12. Apparatus as specified 1n claim 11 plus heat insulating means adapted to be po- .sitioned between said device and the scalp from which the hair strand extends.

13. Apparatus as specified in claim 11 and plus a hair strand receiving spool, and means for holding said spool looked against said clamping device. I

14. Apparatus as specified in claim 11 plus said die members being hinged ly connected together to open for insertion of said strand. r Y 1 15. Apparatus as specified in claim .11 plussaid die members being perforated for passage of steam to astrand of hair clamped there-between.

16. Apparatus as specified in claim 11 plus one of said die members being hollow and perforated for passage of steam to a 15 strand of hair clamped therebetween.

' tensioning frame,

17. In aha-irwaving apparatus, an insulating clip comprising a pair of relatively thin blocks and a resilient wire hinge connecting the blocks together so as to resilientlyhold them in edgewise abutting relation.

18. Hair Waving apparatus comprising a a hair strand clamping device at one end of the frame, a hair strand winding spool rotatably mounted on the frameand for bodily movement therealong, means for rotating the spool, and releasable means for preventing reverse said spool.

AMBROSE L. BURLESON. NICHOLAS P. SAMANTASQ mo rement of 

